操作系统版本：centos7.6 X64
pg_rman版本：pg_rman-1.3.16-pg12.tar.gz
postgres版本：postgresql-12.4.tar.gz
备份文件存放路径：/home/postgres/backup
归档日志存放路径：/home/postgres/archivelog/

postgres用户的环境变量.bash_profile
export PGHOME=/home/postgres/postgres12.4
export PGDATA=/home/postgres/data
export BACKUP_PATH=/home/postgres/backup
PATH=$PATH:/home/postgres/postgres12.4/bin
export PATH

用root用户安装pg_rman-1.3.16-pg12.tar.gz
1、把postgres的环境变量在root下export一遍
export PGHOME=/home/postgres/postgres12.4
export PGDATA=/home/postgres/data
export BACKUP_PATH=/home/postgres/backup
PATH=$PATH:/home/postgres/postgres12.4/bin
export PATH

2、进入pg_rman-1.3.16下，执行安装
make
make install
安装完毕后会在/home/postgres/postgres12.4/bin生成一个pg_rman

下面用操作系统postgres用户执行
3、修改数据库参数文件：postgresql.conf
wal_level = replica 
archive_mode = on
archive_command = 'cp %p /home/postgres/archivelog/%f' #归档日志路径

4、初始化
pg_rman init

5、修改/home/postgres/backup下的pg_rman.ini
SRVLOG_PATH='/home/postgres/data/pg_wal'  #wal日位置
ARCLOG_PATH='/home/postgres/archivelog'   #归档日志位置

6、全库备份
pg_rman backup -b full -B /home/postgres/backup  #设置了BACKUP_PATH环境变量可以省略 -B

7、验证备份
pg_rman validate -B /home/postgres/backup

8、查看备份
pg_rman show -B /home/postgres/backup